ESAexpert.co.uk
FREE · PRIVATE · NO SIGN-UP

Could you get LCWRA or the Support Group?

Go through every Support Group and LCWRA descriptor in the words of the law, the substantial risk rule and, on Universal Credit, which 2026 rate would apply to you: £429.80 or £217.26 a month.

LCWRA (limited capability for work and work-related activity) in Universal Credit and the Support Group in ESA come from the same test. At least one descriptor from 16 activities has to apply to you for the majority of the time, or a rule such as substantial risk has to treat you as meeting the test. Points do not count here. Since 6 April 2026 Universal Credit also pays the LCWRA element at two rates, so the checker shows which one would apply to you.

StartAbout your claim

Which benefit do you claim?
Where are you now?

Step 1The 16 activities

For each descriptor, say how often it is true for you. Most of the time means on more than half of your days, or on more than half of the times you try. That is the test the DWP uses: a descriptor counts when it applies for the majority of the time. Leave a descriptor unanswered and it counts as No.

Answer about your typical and worst days honestly. The DWP checks what you say against your medical evidence and the assessment, so describe what really happens.

Physical activities

1Mobilising Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 1“Cannot either: (a) mobilise more than 50 metres on level ground without stopping in order to avoid significant discomfort or exhaustion; or (b) repeatedly mobilise 50 metres within a reasonable timescale because of significant discomfort or exhaustion”

You cannot walk or wheel yourself 50 metres on flat ground (about half a football pitch) without stopping, or cannot do it again within a reasonable time, because of significant discomfort or exhaustion. It is judged with any stick, frame or manual wheelchair you use or could reasonably use.

2Transferring from one seat to another Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 2“Cannot move between one seated position and another seated position located next to one another without receiving physical assistance from another person”

You cannot move from one seat to another seat right next to it, such as from a wheelchair to a chair or toilet, without someone physically helping you.

3Reaching Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 3“Cannot raise either arm as if to put something in the top pocket of a coat or jacket”

You cannot lift either arm as high as the top pocket of a coat or jacket.

4Picking up and moving Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 4“Cannot pick up and move a 0.5 litre carton full of liquid”

You cannot pick up and move a half-litre carton full of liquid, like a small carton of juice, using your arms and upper body.

5Manual dexterity Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 5“Cannot press a button (such as a telephone keypad) with either hand or cannot turn the pages of a book with either hand”

With neither hand can you press a button such as a phone keypad, or with neither hand can you turn the pages of a book.

6Making yourself understood Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 6“Cannot convey a simple message, such as the presence of a hazard”

Because of a physical condition, you cannot get a simple message across, such as warning someone of a danger, by speaking, writing, typing or any other way you normally use.

7Understanding communication Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 7“Cannot understand a simple message, such as the location of a fire escape, due to sensory impairment”

Because of a sight or hearing impairment, you cannot understand a simple message, such as where the fire escape is, even with the aids you normally use.

8Continence Physical

Schedule 7, descriptor 8“At least once a week experiences: (a) loss of control leading to extensive evacuation of the bowel and/or voiding of the bladder; or (b) substantial leakage of the contents of a collecting device sufficient to require the individual to clean themselves and change clothing”

At least once a week, while awake, you lose control of your bowel or bladder, or a stoma or catheter bag leaks, badly enough that you have to clean yourself and change your clothes.

Mental, cognitive and intellectual activities

9Learning tasks Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 9“Cannot learn how to complete a simple task, such as setting an alarm clock, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorder”

Because of a cognitive impairment or mental disorder, you cannot learn a simple task such as setting an alarm clock, even after being shown.

10Awareness of hazard Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 10“Reduced awareness of everyday hazards, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorder, leads to a significant risk of: (a) injury to self or others; or (b) damage to property or possessions, such that the claimant requires supervision for the majority of the time to maintain safety”

Because of a cognitive impairment or mental disorder, you do not notice everyday dangers such as a pan left on, traffic or sharp objects, so someone has to supervise you most of the time to keep you, other people or property safe.

11Starting and finishing personal tasks Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 11“Cannot, due to impaired mental function, reliably initiate or complete at least two sequential personal actions”

Because of impaired mental function, you cannot reliably start or finish even two personal tasks one after the other, because planning, organising, solving problems or switching between tasks is beyond you.

12Coping with change Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 12“Cannot cope with any change, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorder, to the extent that day to day life cannot be managed”

Because of a cognitive impairment or mental disorder, you cannot cope with any change at all, to the point that you cannot manage day to day life.

13Coping with social contact Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 13“Engagement in social contact is always precluded due to difficulty relating to others or significant distress experienced by the claimant”

Because of a cognitive impairment or mental disorder, you cannot have social contact with anyone, because relating to people is too difficult or causes you significant distress.

14Behaviour with other people Mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 14“Has, on a daily basis, uncontrollable episodes of aggressive or disinhibited behaviour that would be unreasonable in any workplace”

Every day, because of a cognitive impairment or mental disorder, you have episodes of aggressive or disinhibited behaviour you cannot control, which would be unreasonable in any workplace.

Eating and drinking

15Getting food or drink to your mouth Physical or mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 15(a)“Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving physical assistance from someone else”

You cannot get food or drink to your mouth without someone physically helping you.

Schedule 7, descriptor 15(b)“Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without repeatedly stopping or experiencing breathlessness or severe discomfort”

You can only get food or drink to your mouth by stopping again and again, or doing it leaves you breathless or in severe discomfort.

Schedule 7, descriptor 15(c)“Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presence”

Because of a mental condition, you only eat or drink if someone is with you and keeps prompting you.

Schedule 7, descriptor 15(d)“Owing to a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, fails to convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving: (i) physical assistance from someone else; or (ii) regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presence”

Because of a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, you do not eat or drink unless someone helps you physically or prompts you in person.

16Chewing or swallowing Physical or mental

Schedule 7, descriptor 16(a)“Cannot chew or swallow food or drink”

You cannot chew or swallow food or drink at all.

Schedule 7, descriptor 16(b)“Cannot chew or swallow food or drink without repeatedly stopping or experiencing breathlessness or severe discomfort”

Chewing or swallowing means stopping again and again, or leaves you breathless or in severe discomfort.

Schedule 7, descriptor 16(c)“Cannot chew or swallow food or drink without repeatedly receiving regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presence”

Because of a mental condition, you only chew or swallow if someone is with you and keeps prompting you.

Schedule 7, descriptor 16(d)“Owing to a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, fails to: (i) chew or swallow food or drink; or (ii) chew or swallow food or drink without regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presence”

Because of a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, you do not chew or swallow, or only do so when someone prompts you in person.

The law: Universal Credit Regulations 2013, regulation 40(2) to (4) and Schedule 7.

Step 2Other ways in

You can be treated as having LCWRA or as being in the Support Group without any descriptor. Leave these blank if they do not apply.

Would being required to take part in work-related activity put your own or anyone else's physical or mental health at substantial risk?

Work-related activity means the interviews, courses and appointments a work coach can set, with your money at risk if you miss them. This is the rule that reaches LCWRA and the Support Group.

Would being found fit for work, and expected to look for work, put anyone's health at substantial risk?

This is a separate rule. On its own it gives limited capability for work (LCW), not LCWRA or the Support Group.

Both rules, side by side, with what the evidence should say: the substantial risk guide.

Has a doctor or other medical professional said you might have 12 months or less to live?
Are you having chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer, expecting it within 6 months or recovering from it?

Step 3Universal Credit: which rate

Since 6 April 2026 the LCWRA element is £429.80 a month for pre-2026 claimants, people who meet the Severe Conditions Criteria and people who are terminally ill. Everyone else gets £217.26 a month.

Did your Universal Credit include the LCWRA element (the health element) at any time before 6 April 2026?
Before 6 April 2026, did any of these apply to you?

Tick any that fit. Each one can make you a pre-2026 claimant once the LCWRA element is in your award, as long as it then stays there without a break.

0 of 22 descriptors answered.

Works in your browser. Nothing you enter is sent anywhere unless you ask us to email the result.

The checker follows the rules for England, Wales and Scotland. In Northern Ireland the Department for Communities runs ESA and Universal Credit under its own regulations, which follow the same pattern: go by your own letters.

How the checker decides

Every step follows a rule in the regulations or on GOV.UK. The checker never adds points together: LCWRA and the Support Group do not work on points.

QuestionRuleSource
Does one descriptor count?Yes. One descriptor from any of the 16 activities applying to you is enough.UC Regulations 2013, reg 40(2); ESA Regulations 2013, reg 30(1); ESA Regulations 2008, reg 34(1)
What does "most of the time" mean?A descriptor applies if it applies for the majority of the time, or on the majority of the occasions you try the activity.UC reg 40(4); ESA 2013 reg 30(2); ESA 2008 reg 34(2)
Physical or mental?Descriptors 1 to 8, 15(a), 15(b), 16(a) and 16(b) need a physical cause; 9 to 14, 15(c), 15(d), 16(c) and 16(d) a mental one.UC reg 40(3); ESA 2013 reg 30(6); ESA 2008 reg 34(6)
Substantial risk (LCWRA)Treated as having LCWRA or as in the Support Group if being found capable of work-related activity would put anyone's health at substantial risk.UC Schedule 9, para 4; ESA 2013 reg 31(2)(b); ESA 2008 reg 35(2)(b)
Substantial risk (LCW)The separate rule about being found capable of work. It gives LCW only.UC Schedule 8, para 4; ESA 2013 reg 25(2)(b); ESA 2008 reg 29(2)(b)
Terminal illness or cancer treatmentTreated as having LCWRA or as in the Support Group. For cancer treatment, if the DWP is satisfied you should be.UC Schedule 9, paras 1 and 3; ESA 2013 reg 31(1); ESA 2008 reg 35(1)
Which Universal Credit rate?£429.80 a month for pre-2026 claimants, severe conditions criteria claimants and terminally ill claimants; £217.26 for others.UC reg 27(2), reg 27A, Schedule 5A, reg 40A and the table in reg 36
When does the element start?From the assessment period after a 3-month waiting period that starts with your first fit note. No waiting period if you are terminally ill, if you get ESA with the support component or if an earlier award that included the element ended within the last 6 months because your income was too high.UC reg 28
Scored the 17 activities yet?

15 points gives limited capability for work (LCW), a separate outcome from LCWRA. The points calculator adds up all 17 activities and flags the descriptors that also appear in the Support Group list.

Open the WCA points calculator →

The LCWRA and Support Group descriptors in full

These are the descriptors in Schedule 7 of the Universal Credit Regulations 2013, word for word the same as Schedule 3 of the ESA Regulations 2013. Old-style ESA uses Schedule 3 of the ESA Regulations 2008, which says the same with small differences of wording in 11, 15(c) and 16(b).

ActivityDescriptorCause
1. Mobilising1. Cannot either: (a) mobilise more than 50 metres on level ground without stopping in order to avoid significant discomfort or exhaustion; or (b) repeatedly mobilise 50 metres within a reasonable timescale because of significant discomfort or exhaustionPhysical
2. Transferring from one seat to another2. Cannot move between one seated position and another seated position located next to one another without receiving physical assistance from another personPhysical
3. Reaching3. Cannot raise either arm as if to put something in the top pocket of a coat or jacketPhysical
4. Picking up and moving4. Cannot pick up and move a 0.5 litre carton full of liquidPhysical
5. Manual dexterity5. Cannot press a button (such as a telephone keypad) with either hand or cannot turn the pages of a book with either handPhysical
6. Making yourself understood6. Cannot convey a simple message, such as the presence of a hazardPhysical
7. Understanding communication7. Cannot understand a simple message, such as the location of a fire escape, due to sensory impairmentPhysical
8. Continence8. At least once a week experiences: (a) loss of control leading to extensive evacuation of the bowel and/or voiding of the bladder; or (b) substantial leakage of the contents of a collecting device sufficient to require the individual to clean themselves and change clothingPhysical
9. Learning tasks9. Cannot learn how to complete a simple task, such as setting an alarm clock, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorderMental
10. Awareness of hazard10. Reduced awareness of everyday hazards, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorder, leads to a significant risk of: (a) injury to self or others; or (b) damage to property or possessions, such that the claimant requires supervision for the majority of the time to maintain safetyMental
11. Starting and finishing personal tasks11. Cannot, due to impaired mental function, reliably initiate or complete at least two sequential personal actionsMental
12. Coping with change12. Cannot cope with any change, due to cognitive impairment or mental disorder, to the extent that day to day life cannot be managedMental
13. Coping with social contact13. Engagement in social contact is always precluded due to difficulty relating to others or significant distress experienced by the claimantMental
14. Behaviour with other people14. Has, on a daily basis, uncontrollable episodes of aggressive or disinhibited behaviour that would be unreasonable in any workplaceMental
15. Getting food or drink to your mouth15(a). Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving physical assistance from someone elsePhysical
15. Getting food or drink to your mouth15(b). Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without repeatedly stopping or experiencing breathlessness or severe discomfortPhysical
15. Getting food or drink to your mouth15(c). Cannot convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presenceMental
15. Getting food or drink to your mouth15(d). Owing to a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, fails to convey food or drink to the claimant's own mouth without receiving: (i) physical assistance from someone else; or (ii) regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presenceMental
16. Chewing or swallowing16(a). Cannot chew or swallow food or drinkPhysical
16. Chewing or swallowing16(b). Cannot chew or swallow food or drink without repeatedly stopping or experiencing breathlessness or severe discomfortPhysical
16. Chewing or swallowing16(c). Cannot chew or swallow food or drink without repeatedly receiving regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presenceMental
16. Chewing or swallowing16(d). Owing to a severe disorder of mood or behaviour, fails to: (i) chew or swallow food or drink; or (ii) chew or swallow food or drink without regular prompting given by someone else in the claimant's presenceMental

LCWRA and Support Group rates for 2026/27

BenefitAmountWho gets it
Universal Credit, higher LCWRA element£429.80 a monthPre-2026 claimants, severe conditions criteria claimants and people who are terminally ill
Universal Credit, lower LCWRA element£217.26 a monthEveryone else found to have LCWRA
New Style ESA, Support GroupUp to £145.90 a week£95.55 plus the £50.35 support component
Income-related ESA, Support Group£97.75 plus £48.50 a weekPersonal allowance for a single person aged 25 or over plus the support component, with the enhanced disability premium (£22.00 for a single person)

The Universal Credit amounts are paid on top of the standard allowance. The income-related ESA support component stays at £48.50 because the Universal Credit Act 2025 (section 5) takes it out of the yearly uprating up to 2029/30 while the personal allowance rises. Sources: GOV.UK Universal Credit, GOV.UK ESA and DWP benefit and pension rates 2026 to 2027.

Who keeps the higher £429.80

You are a pre-2026 claimant if your Universal Credit included the LCWRA element at any time before 6 April 2026 and has included it without a break since. A gap in Universal Credit that began because your income was too high does not count if the award started again within 6 months (regulation 27A). Schedule 5A adds four more groups, each keeping the higher amount once the element is in the award and for as long as it stays there without a break:

The decision for the first two groups can also come on a revision, a supersession or an appeal. People who are terminally ill and people who meet the Severe Conditions Criteria get the higher amount whenever they claim.

The Severe Conditions Criteria

Regulation 40A of the Universal Credit Regulations 2013, in force since 6 April 2026, makes you a severe conditions criteria claimant if you have LCWRA on an assessment and at least one of the Schedule 7 descriptors applies to you constantly and will for the rest of your life. "Constantly" means at all times, or on every occasion you try the activity. The condition behind it must be one you will have for the rest of your life and must have been diagnosed by an appropriately qualified health care professional in NHS services. GOV.UK says people assessed as meeting the criteria will not usually need another assessment.

The criteria cannot be met through substantial risk alone: they need a descriptor. If you think you meet them, a letter from your GP or consultant should cover the diagnosis and where in the NHS it was made, that the condition is lifelong, which descriptor applies and that it applies all the time. Ask them to write it in their own words.

Which conditions automatically qualify for LCWRA?

No condition qualifies by its name alone. The law treats you as having LCWRA, or as being in the Support Group, in these situations:

Sources: Universal Credit Regulations 2013, Schedule 9; ESA Regulations 2013, regulation 31; ESA Regulations 2008, regulation 35. Otherwise it depends on how your conditions affect you against the descriptors above.

Put your dates in the calendar

The LCWRA element starts after a 3-month waiting period, and every stage of a WCA claim has a date that matters. The WCA dates tool works them out from your letters.

Work out my WCA dates →

Frequently asked questions

They are the same test under two names. In Universal Credit it is limited capability for work and work-related activity (LCWRA), with the descriptors in Schedule 7 of the Universal Credit Regulations 2013. In ESA it is the Support Group, with the descriptors in Schedule 3 of the ESA Regulations 2013 (2008 for old-style ESA). The 16 activities are the same in each. Either way you are not expected to look for work or prepare for work.
No. 15 points from the 17 activities gives limited capability for work (LCW) only. LCWRA and the Support Group need at least one descriptor from the 16 activities to apply for the majority of the time, or a rule that treats you as meeting the test, such as substantial risk, terminal illness or chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer.
£429.80 a month for pre-2026 claimants, people who meet the Severe Conditions Criteria and people who are terminally ill. Other claims get £217.26 a month (regulation 36 of the Universal Credit Regulations 2013). Both are paid on top of the standard allowance. In New Style ESA the Support Group pays up to £145.90 a week: £95.55 plus the £50.35 support component.
No condition qualifies by its name alone. The law treats you as having LCWRA if you are terminally ill or if you are having, expecting within 6 months or recovering from chemotherapy or radiotherapy for cancer and the DWP is satisfied you should be. The same applies if you are pregnant and there is a serious risk to your health or your baby's health. It also applies if there would be a substantial risk to anyone's health were you found not to have LCWRA. Otherwise it depends on how your conditions affect you against the descriptors for the 16 activities.
A Universal Credit test in force since 6 April 2026 (regulation 40A). You meet it if you have LCWRA on an assessment and at least one of the Schedule 7 descriptors applies to you constantly and will for the rest of your life, because of a lifelong condition diagnosed by a qualified health professional in NHS services. It gives the higher £429.80 on a new claim, and GOV.UK says you will not usually need another assessment.
It is free and it works in your browser, so your answers are not sent to us. Only if you ask for the email and tick the consent box do we receive your answer codes, which we use to send you that one email. Your email address then joins our mailing list for a few follow-up emails about your claim; your answers are not added to it. You can unsubscribe at any time.

Sources

All checked on 25 September 2026. Guidance only, not legal advice. The DWP decides after the assessment.

Related guides